Knowledge library

Articles for independent inquiry.

Shorter entry points into the questions explored across THY-REALITY. Browse by field or search directly by title and description.

What Kind of Institution Deserves Our Support?

What Kind of Institution Deserves Our Support?

It is not enough to ask whether an institution is necessary. The deeper question is what it must be like to deserve our support: just, limited, accountable, close to people, and directed toward serving the community.

Read article
Does Consent Legitimize Authority?

Does Consent Legitimize Authority?

Consent can change the moral relationship between people. But does living in a country, using public services, voting, or failing to emigrate really amount to consent to political authority?

Read article
Are All Rights Property Rights?

Are All Rights Property Rights?

Self-ownership powerfully explains bodily autonomy and consent, but can property really account for expression, conscience, voting, privacy and fair procedure? Are All Rights Property Rights? tests the limits of the thesis.

Read article
“Do Not Steal” as a Concise Principle of Natural Law

“Do Not Steal” as a Concise Principle of Natural Law

“Do not steal” is a powerful moral rule, but theft already assumes an answer to what legitimately belongs to whom. “Do Not Steal” as a Concise Principle of Natural Law examines property, necessity, taxation, conscience, and the limits of the concept itself.

Read article
The Right to Self-Defense and the State Monopoly on Force

The Right to Self-Defense and the State Monopoly on Force

Self-defense, the state monopoly on legitimate force, and institutional accountability are distinct questions. The Right to Self-Defense and the State Monopoly on Force asks when force can be justified and why authority is never a moral blank cheque.

Read article
Force and Violence Are Not the Same Thing

Force and Violence Are Not the Same Thing

Physical force can be used to attack or to stop an attack. Force and Violence Are Not the Same Thing separates description from moral judgment and examines necessity, proportionality, purpose, and the boundary between defense and retaliation.

Read article
A hand sets the first movement in motion across a branching network of stones and paths; some consequences follow clear chains, others split, while people, circumstances, and an unforeseen weather event intervene.

Cause and Effect: Actions Have Consequences

What we do can change the world around us and our future options, but consequences are not a cosmic system of rewards and punishments. Responsibility requires distinguishing cause, risk, foreseeability, and circumstance.

Read article
A person at a fork uses a flashlight to inspect the consequences of each path while a monumental hand of authority points the way.

Obey an Order or Follow Conscience?

Many systems could not function without authority. But an order cannot think in place of the person who carries it out: when is obedience reasonable, and when must moral judgment intervene?

Read article
A tree, scales, and celestial cycles represent order, consequences, and balance in natural processes.

What Is Natural Law?

Natural law is not a law of physics, a state statute, or the claim that whatever is natural is good. Explore the tradition and how THY-REALITY uses the concept.

Read article